模块1 建筑结构概述 ································································································ 0011.1 建筑结构基本概念 ······················································································· 0021.2 结构抗震知识 ································································································ 0141.3 课程教学任务、目标和特点 ······································································· 022模块小结 ················································································································ 023习题 ······················································································································· 024模块2 建筑结构施工图 ·························································································· 0262.1 结构施工图的内容与作用 ··········································································· 0272.2 钢筋混凝土框架结构施工图 ······································································· 030模块小结 ················································································································ 044习题 ······················································································································· 044模块3 建筑力学基本知识 ······················································································ 0453.1 静力学的基本知识 ······················································································ 0463.2 结构的计算简图、受力图及平面杆系结构 ············································· 064模块小结 ··············································································································· 072习题 ······················································································································· 073模块4 结构上的荷载及支座反力计算 ······························································ 0774.1 结构上的荷载 ······························································································· 0784.2 静力平衡条件及构件支座反力计算 ·························································· 086模块小结 ··············································································································· 092习题 ······················································································································· 093模块5 构件内力计算及荷载效应组合 ······························································ 0955.1 内力的基本概念 ··························································································· 0965.2 静定结构内力计算 ······················································································· 1015.3 超静定结构内力计算 ··················································································· 1205.4 荷载效应组合 ······························································································· 126模块小结 ··············································································································· 129习题 ······················································································································· 130模块6 钢筋混凝土梁、板 ······················································································ 1336.1 钢筋混凝土结构的材料性能 ······································································ 1356.2 钢筋混凝土梁、板的构造要求 ·································································· 1436.3 钢筋混凝土梁承载力计算(选学) ·························································· 1636.4 钢筋混凝土板承载力计算(选学) ························································· 1816.5 预应力混凝土构件 ······················································································ 183模块小结 ··············································································································· 190习题 ······················································································································· 191模块7 钢筋混凝土柱 ····························································································· 1947.1 钢筋混凝土柱构造要求 ·············································································· 1967.2 钢筋混凝土柱设计实例 ·············································································· 199模块小结 ··············································································································· 206习题 ······················································································································· 206模块8 钢筋混凝土框架结构构造 ····································································· 2088.1 框架结构抗震等级 ······················································································· 2098.2 框架梁构造要求 ··························································································· 2108.3 框架柱构造要求 ··························································································· 2158.4 框架节点构造要求 ······················································································· 220模块小结 ··············································································································· 223习题 ······················································································································· 223模块9 钢筋混凝土楼盖、楼梯及雨篷 ··························································· 2249.1 钢筋混凝土楼盖的分类 ··············································································· 2259.2 现浇单向板肋梁楼盖 ··················································································· 2269.3 现浇双向板肋梁楼盖 ··················································································· 2339.4 装配式混凝土楼盖 ······················································································· 2359.5 钢筋混凝土楼梯 ··························································································· 2379.6 钢筋混凝土雨篷 ··························································································· 241模块小结 ··············································································································· 242习题 ······················································································································· 243模块10 多高层建筑结构 ······················································································ 24510.1 多高层建筑结构的类型 ··········································································· 24610.2 多高层建筑结构体系的总体布置原则 ·················································· 24910.3 剪力墙结构 ································································································ 25310.4 框架-剪力墙结构 ······················································································ 26810.5 框架-核心筒结构 ······················································································ 270模块小结 ··············································································································· 270习题 ······················································································································· 271模块11 装配式混凝土结构 ················································································· 27311.1 装配式混凝土结构概述 ············································································ 27411.2 预制混凝土构件 ························································································· 27611.3 装配式混凝土结构的连接构造和制图规则 ··········································· 281模块小结 ··············································································································· 291习题 ······················································································································· 292模块12 地基与基础 ····························································································· 29412.1 土的工程性质及分类 ················································································ 29512.2 地基承载力 ································································································ 30312.3 天然地基上浅基础设计 ··········································································· 30312.4 减轻建筑物不均匀沉降的措施 ······························································· 315模块小结 ··············································································································· 317习题 ······················································································································· 317模块13 钢结构 ········································································································ 31913.1 钢结构的特点及应用范围 ········································································ 32013.2 钢结构材料 ································································································· 32213.3 钢结构连接 ································································································· 32813.4 轴心受力构件 ····························································································· 34113.5 受弯构件 ····································································································· 347模块小结 ··············································································································· 349习题 ······················································································································· 350附录A 实例:框架结构教学楼建筑施工图及结构施工图 ··················· 352附录B 常用荷载表 ································································································· 364附录C 钢筋混凝土用表 ······················································································· 368参考文献 ····················································································································· 380
为响应党的二十大报告中提出的我国新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化的发展需求,落实教育部关于“三教”改革、1+X 证书制度等政策要求,使教材和职业教育、行业发展保持紧密的结合度,特修订教材。结合“建筑力学与结构”课程的教学任务,本书打破传统的学科体系,将力学与结构融合在一起,力求向学生讲解必要的力学基础知识和建筑结构基本概念,使学生能够运用所学知识解决工程实践中相对简单的结构问题,教学内容与1+X(建筑工程识图)职业技能等级证书、建筑工程识图职业技能赛项中的技能需求,以及施工员、建造师的执业要求相一致。修订后的教材具有以下特点。
(1)体现工程伦理和精益求精的大国工匠精神及使命担当,把党的二十大报告精神融入教材,真正融“知识、能力、价值”于一体。
(2)突出绿色低碳发展理念,扩充装配式建筑内容,增加装配式结构识图、节点连接构造等建筑新知识,把最新国家规范《工程结构通用规范》(GB 55001—2021)、《混凝土结构通用规范》(GB 55008—2021)的内容写入教材。
(3)落实重要生态系统保护和修复工程、自然保护地建设工程,保护耕地,删去砌体结构的内容。
(4)坚持“学”“做”一体,在关键内容和重要节点插入“学中做”“想一想”,帮助学生及时掌握所学知识,学会独立思考;添加“课外阅读”,扩展学生的知识面。
(5)创新思维导图,在每个模块前建立“知识树”,直观展现每个模块的重点内容,使学生更为系统地理解、掌握知识结构和教学重点。
(6)探索“岗课赛证融通”,本书内容与1+X(建筑工程识图)职业技能等级证书及建筑工程识图职业技能赛项的技能需求相吻合,在实例中进一步训练建筑工程识图能力;有机融入职业标准的内容,满足施工员、建造师岗位需求,助力学生可持续发展。
(7)更新“互联网+”资源,提高AR、视频等制作质量,增加微课、在线答题等信息化内容,紧密结合当前行业发展。
(8)符合手册式教材的编写思路,书中多处设置“应用案例”,结合附录中给出的常用量表,学生能够快速理解计算公式并应用其解决实际问题。
本书建议学时为90 学时。
本书由广州城建职业学院吴承霞、河南建筑职业技术学院宋贵彩任主编,河南建筑职业技术学院魏玉琴、河南工业职业技术学院王焱、咸宁职业技术学院汪耀武、山东城市建设职业学院张毅任副主编,郑州工业应用技术学院欧忙以及河南建筑职业技术学院宋乔、李亚敏、孔惠、曾福英、尚瑞娟参编。编写分工如下:欧忙编写模块1,吴承霞编写模块2,宋乔编写模块3,魏玉琴编写模块4,宋贵彩编写模块5、附录B 及附录C,李亚敏编写模块6,张毅编写模块7,孔惠编写模块8 和模块9,王焱编写模块10 和模块12,曾福英编写模块11,尚瑞娟编写模块13。本书图纸(附录A)由国家一级注册结构工程师丘兴凯设计。数字资源所有权归河南建筑职业技术学院所有。
由于编者水平有限,不足之处在所难免,恳请广大读者批评指正。
编 者
2023 年3 月
本书依据现行国家规范编写,紧密围绕一套钢筋混凝土框架结构施工图纸展开。书中内容按照模块教学编排,坚持“学”“做”一体,“必须”“够用”。本书既可作为高等职业教育建筑装饰工程技术、建筑设计、城乡规划、村镇建设与管理、建筑工程技术、建筑设备工程技术、建筑工程管理、工程造价、房地产经营与管理等专业的教材,也可作为岗位培训教材。
吴承霞,宋贵彩
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吴承霞,广州城建职业学院建工学院院长,原河南建筑职业技术学院教学副院长,教授,博士,河南省教育厅学术带头人,曾主编过多本教材,发表过多篇学术论文并获奖。
宋贵彩,河南建筑职业技术学院土木工程系教研室主任,副教授,2021年河南省专业技术带头人,河南省高等学校青年骨干教师,2016年、2019年获河南省教学成果一等奖,2012年、2014年或河南省教学成果二等奖。
本书依据现行国家规范编写,紧密围绕一套钢筋混凝土框架结构施工图纸展开。书中内容按照模块教学编排,包括建筑结构概述,建筑结构施工图,建筑力学基本知识,结构上的荷载及支座反力计算,构件内力计算及荷载效应组合,钢筋混凝土梁、板,钢筋混凝土柱,钢筋混凝土框架结构构造,钢筋混凝土楼盖、楼梯及雨篷,多高层建筑结构,装配式混凝土结构,地基与基础,钢结构。本书既可作为高等职业教育建筑装饰工程技术、建筑设计、城乡规划、村镇建设与管理、建筑工程技术、建筑设备工程技术、建筑工程管理、工程造价、房地产经营与管理等专业的教材,也可作为岗位培训教材。